Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), also known as SGOT, is an important blood test used to evaluate liver health and detect tissue damage. AST is an enzyme found in several organs, including the liver, heart, muscles, kidneys, and brain. When cells in these tissues are damaged or inflamed, AST is released into the bloodstream, causing elevated levels in blood tests.
The AST test is commonly ordered to assess liver conditions such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and cirrhosis. It is also useful in evaluating muscle disorders, heart injury, and other systemic conditions that can affect enzyme levels. AST is often measured along with Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) to help determine the source and severity of liver injury. The ratio of AST to ALT can provide additional clinical insight, especially in chronic liver disease or alcohol-related liver damage.
Patients with abnormal AST levels may experience symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice, nausea, muscle weakness, or unexplained illness. The AST test is also included in routine health checkups, liver function panels, and monitoring programs for patients taking medications that may affect the liver. Regular AST testing helps in early detection of liver dysfunction, monitoring disease progression, and guiding appropriate treatment decisions. This test plays a vital role in preventive healthcare and ongoing clinical management.
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