Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) is a glycoprotein primarily synthesized in the liver and released into the bloodstream, where it functions as a major protease inhibitor. Its principal role is to protect tissues—especially the lungs—from damage caused by neutrophil elastase and other proteolytic enzymes released during inflammation. By neutralizing these enzymes, AAT prevents excessive breakdown of connective tissue and maintains the structural integrity of alveoli and other organs.
AAT testing is also relevant in evaluating unexplained liver dysfunction, chronic respiratory symptoms, family history of COPD at a young age, and in screening relatives of affected individuals. Elevated AAT levels may occur as part of the acute phase response during inflammation, infection, trauma, pregnancy, or malignancy, since AAT behaves as an acute-phase reactant.
Fasting
Not Required
Reporting Time
12 Hours
Gender
Male/Female
Age Group
5-99 yrs.
BIOCHEMISTRY
- Enzymes
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